Scientology

The core belief in Scientology is essentially a rejection of the idea that man is not separate from his mind. In other words, they believe in a mind-body duality. In other words, they believe you have a spirit, and they have a name for that spirit, and it's called the thetan.

That's the gist of it. Otherwise, it seems to be more of a philosophy and a way of thinking in which mind-body duality is used as a platform to reject or embrace beliefs and practices. One of the main beliefs is that psychology has worked itself into a dead end because it has "no concept of the existence of an animating factor to life".

There's a lot more rejection of traditional norms with Scientology. But, the reason people seem to love it is because it's a path to control of life. Rather than life being complex and unknowable, Scientologists believe it's possible for anyone to know himself.

The ARC Triangle

What does a mind-body duality have to do with control of life? They use this concept of the ARC triangle, which "is not equilateral". ARC stands for Affinity, Reality, and Communication, and the idea is that Communication is by far the most important. These principles behind the ARC guide how scientologists talk to people to "help them".